- recalcitrant, refractory - marked by stubborn resistance to and defiant of authority or guidance; "a recalcitrant teenager"; "everything revolves around a refractory individual genius"
Antonyms: tractable, manipulable (indirect, via intractable)
- recalcitrant - marked by stubborn resistance to authority; "the University suspended the most recalcitrant demonstrators"
Antonym: compliant (indirect, via defiant)